Joint Actions
By now you should have a good understanding of the joint actions, such as flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation, pronation/supination, retraction/protraction, and elevation/depression. Here is a good review from Oregon State if you’d like a refresher or further information. If you feel that you have a good grasp on these concepts, simply mark this topic as complete. (Note: The URL was active at the time we published this website. As with any links, they change sometimes. Feel free to google “Joint Actions” and you’ll find great reviews of these concepts on many websites if you’d like to see more websites covering these topics. Just make sure it is a trusted website, such as a well-respected trainer or college.)